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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

Increase the proportion of infants who are put to sleep on their backs — MICH‑14 Data Methodology and Measurement

On this page:  About the National Data  |  Methodology  |  History

About the National Data

Data

Data Sources:  Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), CDC/NCCDPHP; California's Maternal and Infant Health Assessment (MIHA), CDPH

Baseline: 78.7 percent of infants born in 2016 were put to sleep on their backs

Target: 88.9 percent

Numerator
Number of infants who are put to sleep on their backs.
Denominator
Number of females with a recent live birth.
Target-setting method
Projection
Target-setting method details
Linear trend fitted using weighted least squares and a projection at the 75 percent prediction interval.
1
Target-setting method justification
Trend data were evaluated for this objective. Using historical data points, a trend line was fitted using weighted least squares, and the trend was projected into the next decade. This method was used because three or more comparable data points were available, the projected value was within the range of possible values, and a projection at the 75 percent prediction interval was selected because the current trend is not likely to be sustained due to external factors.

Methodology

Questions used to obtain the national baseline data

(For additional information, please visit the data source pages linked above.)

From the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System:

Numerator:
How do you most often lay your baby down to sleep now? [Check one answer.]
  • (__) On his/her side
  • (__) On his/her back
  • (__) On his/her stomach

From the Maternal and Infant Health Assessment:

Numerator:
How do you put your new baby down to sleep most of the time? [Check only one answer].
  • (__) On his/her side
  • (__) On his/her back
  • (__) On his/her stomach

Methodology notes

The following PRAMS states were included in preparing the 2016 estimate: AL, AK, AR, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, HI, IA, IL, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MO, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NYC, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WV, WI, and WY. These data were combined with data from the California's Maternal and Infant Health Assessment to produce the displayed estimate.

History

Comparable HP2020 objective
Modified, which includes core objectives that are continuing from Healthy People 2020 but underwent a change in measurement.
Changes between HP2020 and HP2030
This objective differs from Healthy People 2020 objective MICH-20 in that the measure for objective MICH-20 included only data from the states that met CDC's response rate threshold for the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Management System (PRAMS) combined with California's Maternal and Infant Health Assessment (MIHA), while the measure for this objective includes data from all states participating in PRAMS combined with data from MIHA.

1. Because Healthy People 2030 objectives have a desired direction (e.g., increase or decrease), the confidence level of a one-sided prediction interval can be used as an indication of how likely a target will be to achieve based on the historical data and fitted trend.