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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

Increase employment in working-age people — SDOH‑02 Data

This objective is a Leading Health Indicator (LHI). Learn about LHIs.

National Status: Improving

  
Learn more about our data release schedule

Most Recent Data:
71.4 percent (2024)

National Target:
75.0 percent

Desired Direction:
Increase desired

National Baseline:
70.6 percent of the working-age population aged 16 to 64 years were employed in 2018

Disparities data are only available for some selections.

View CI in the chart by hovering over a data point.

View SE in the chart by hovering over a data point.

Confidence Interval (CI) not available Standard Error (SE) not available Confidence Interval (CI) and Standard Error (SE) are not available

Display data for:

Employment-population ratio for working-age population, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Total
70.6
CI 70.3 / 71.0
SE 0.173
69.3
CI 69.0 / 69.7
SE 0.178
67.9
CI 67.2 / 68.6
SE 0.369
70.7
CI 70.3 / 71.1
SE 0.188
71.3
CI 70.9 / 71.6
SE 0.186
71.5
CI 71.1 / 71.8
SE 0.188
71.4
CI 71.0 / 71.7
SE 0.180

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Sex, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Male
75.0
CI 74.6 / 75.4
SE 0.224
73.6
CI 73.1 / 74.0
SE 0.232
71.6
CI 70.3 / 72.9
SE 0.670
74.9
CI 74.4 / 75.4
SE 0.267
75.2
CI 74.7 / 75.7
SE 0.261
75.2
CI 74.6 / 75.7
SE 0.285
75.2
CI 74.7 / 75.7
SE 0.251
Female
66.4
CI 65.9 / 66.8
SE 0.236
65.2
CI 64.7 / 65.7
SE 0.253
64.2
CI 63.7 / 64.7
SE 0.263
66.6
CI 66.1 / 67.0
SE 0.230
67.4
CI 66.9 / 67.9
SE 0.254
67.8
CI 67.3 / 68.2
SE 0.238
67.6
CI 67.1 / 68.1
SE 0.253

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Race/Ethnicity, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
American Indian or Alaska Native only
DNA
DNA
57.8
CI 53.9 / 61.7
SE 1.983
60.0
CI 56.5 / 63.4
SE 1.732
60.3
CI 56.5 / 64.0
SE 1.923
63.9
CI 60.5 / 67.1
SE 1.655
63.0
CI 59.4 / 66.4
SE 1.770
Asian only
69.6
CI 68.4 / 70.7
SE 0.579
67.8
CI 66.6 / 68.9
SE 0.584
66.9
CI 65.5 / 68.4
SE 0.724
71.2
CI 70.0 / 72.4
SE 0.602
72.3
CI 71.1 / 73.4
SE 0.600
72.0
CI 70.7 / 73.3
SE 0.637
71.8
CI 70.5 / 73.0
SE 0.611
Black or African American only
65.0
CI 64.0 / 66.0
SE 0.525
62.0
CI 60.8 / 63.1
SE 0.575
61.4
CI 60.3 / 62.4
SE 0.537
65.0
CI 64.0 / 66.0
SE 0.529
67.6
CI 66.5 / 68.6
SE 0.525
67.3
CI 66.2 / 68.5
SE 0.580
66.0
CI 64.9 / 67.0
SE 0.531
White only
72.0
CI 71.6 / 72.4
SE 0.196
71.1
CI 70.6 / 71.5
SE 0.213
69.5
CI 68.7 / 70.2
SE 0.381
72.1
CI 71.6 / 72.5
SE 0.225
72.2
CI 71.8 / 72.6
SE 0.208
72.6
CI 72.2 / 73.0
SE 0.204
72.7
CI 72.3 / 73.1
SE 0.199
2 or more races
DNA
DNA
63.9
CI 61.3 / 66.3
SE 1.279
65.0
CI 62.9 / 67.0
SE 1.059
66.6
CI 64.1 / 69.1
SE 1.270
64.8
CI 62.5 / 67.0
SE 1.135
66.2
CI 63.8 / 68.6
SE 1.229
Hispanic or Latino
68.6
CI 67.9 / 69.3
SE 0.359
66.5
CI 65.8 / 67.3
SE 0.376
64.7
CI 63.8 / 65.6
SE 0.463
69.1
CI 68.4 / 69.7
SE 0.332
69.3
CI 68.5 / 70.0
SE 0.384
69.1
CI 68.3 / 70.0
SE 0.413
69.6
CI 68.8 / 70.3
SE 0.379
Black or African American only, not Hispanic or Latino
65.1
CI 64.0 / 66.2
SE 0.548
61.9
CI 60.7 / 63.1
SE 0.588
61.4
CI 60.3 / 62.4
SE 0.554
65.0
CI 63.9 / 66.1
SE 0.554
67.5
CI 66.4 / 68.5
SE 0.533
67.1
CI 66.0 / 68.3
SE 0.602
65.7
CI 64.6 / 66.8
SE 0.561
White only, not Hispanic or Latino
72.9
CI 72.4 / 73.4
SE 0.241
72.3
CI 71.8 / 72.7
SE 0.246
70.8
CI 69.9 / 71.6
SE 0.429
72.9
CI 72.3 / 73.4
SE 0.254
73.0
CI 72.6 / 73.5
SE 0.236
73.6
CI 73.1 / 74.0
SE 0.237
73.7
CI 73.2 / 74.2
SE 0.241

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Age group, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
16-19 years
29.4
CI 28.3 / 30.5
SE 0.554
27.7
CI 26.5 / 28.9
SE 0.607
30.2
CI 29.0 / 31.5
SE 0.637
31.4
CI 30.1 / 32.8
SE 0.683
32.7
CI 31.4 / 34.1
SE 0.684
31.9
CI 30.7 / 33.2
SE 0.613
30.8
CI 29.5 / 32.1
SE 0.664
20-24 years
66.0
CI 64.8 / 67.1
SE 0.563
62.2
CI 60.9 / 63.6
SE 0.682
60.4
CI 59.1 / 61.7
SE 0.648
64.1
CI 62.8 / 65.4
SE 0.663
66.4
CI 65.1 / 67.7
SE 0.639
66.4
CI 65.0 / 67.7
SE 0.669
65.3
CI 63.9 / 66.7
SE 0.726
25-34 years
78.6
CI 77.9 / 79.3
SE 0.348
76.9
CI 76.2 / 77.5
SE 0.345
75.2
CI 74.5 / 76.0
SE 0.386
79.0
CI 78.3 / 79.7
SE 0.362
79.7
CI 79.0 / 80.4
SE 0.351
79.1
CI 78.4 / 79.9
SE 0.387
79.2
CI 78.4 / 80.0
SE 0.411
35-44 years
79.9
CI 79.2 / 80.5
SE 0.314
78.8
CI 78.1 / 79.4
SE 0.327
76.6
CI 75.8 / 77.5
SE 0.438
80.1
CI 79.4 / 80.8
SE 0.347
80.9
CI 80.2 / 81.5
SE 0.341
80.9
CI 80.2 / 81.6
SE 0.376
80.7
CI 80.1 / 81.3
SE 0.305
45-54 years
78.9
CI 78.2 / 79.5
SE 0.338
78.5
CI 77.8 / 79.2
SE 0.349
76.3
CI 75.2 / 77.3
SE 0.549
78.8
CI 78.0 / 79.5
SE 0.393
79.1
CI 78.3 / 79.9
SE 0.400
79.5
CI 78.7 / 80.2
SE 0.357
79.4
CI 78.7 / 80.1
SE 0.359
55-64 years
63.7
CI 62.9 / 64.6
SE 0.428
63.2
CI 62.3 / 64.0
SE 0.425
61.8
CI 60.8 / 62.8
SE 0.521
63.8
CI 63.0 / 64.6
SE 0.418
63.1
CI 62.1 / 64.0
SE 0.491
64.6
CI 63.8 / 65.5
SE 0.432
65.2
CI 64.3 / 66.1
SE 0.457

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Educational attainment (25-64 years), 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Less than High school
56.1
CI 54.9 / 57.2
SE 0.577
55.1
CI 53.6 / 56.6
SE 0.757
52.1
CI 50.5 / 53.7
SE 0.812
56.2
CI 54.7 / 57.8
SE 0.799
57.6
CI 56.0 / 59.1
SE 0.800
58.0
CI 56.4 / 59.5
SE 0.778
59.2
CI 57.6 / 60.8
SE 0.799
High school
69.7
CI 69.0 / 70.4
SE 0.354
67.5
CI 66.8 / 68.3
SE 0.393
65.2
CI 64.1 / 66.2
SE 0.520
69.1
CI 68.3 / 69.8
SE 0.384
68.9
CI 68.1 / 69.7
SE 0.415
69.9
CI 69.1 / 70.7
SE 0.428
69.9
CI 69.0 / 70.7
SE 0.424
Some college or Associate degree
75.5
CI 74.9 / 76.1
SE 0.317
74.2
CI 73.5 / 74.8
SE 0.347
71.9
CI 71.1 / 72.7
SE 0.404
75.2
CI 74.5 / 76.0
SE 0.392
75.5
CI 74.7 / 76.1
SE 0.355
75.7
CI 74.9 / 76.4
SE 0.358
75.5
CI 74.8 / 76.3
SE 0.390
4-year college degree or more
83.9
CI 83.3 / 84.4
SE 0.276
83.1
CI 82.6 / 83.6
SE 0.252
82.1
CI 81.5 / 82.7
SE 0.286
84.1
CI 83.6 / 84.6
SE 0.247
84.3
CI 83.8 / 84.9
SE 0.270
84.3
CI 83.7 / 84.8
SE 0.268
84.2
CI 83.7 / 84.7
SE 0.258

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Family income, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Family income
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Health insurance status, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Health insurance status
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Geographic location, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Geographic location
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Marital status (18 years and over), 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Marital status (18 years and over)
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Country of birth, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
US
70.3
CI 69.9 / 70.7
SE 0.194
69.1
CI 68.8 / 69.5
SE 0.192
67.6
CI 66.8 / 68.5
SE 0.428
70.3
CI 69.8 / 70.7
SE 0.219
70.9
CI 70.5 / 71.3
SE 0.213
71.2
CI 70.8 / 71.7
SE 0.212
70.9
CI 70.5 / 71.3
SE 0.203
Outside US
72.1
CI 71.4 / 72.9
SE 0.385
70.1
CI 69.3 / 70.9
SE 0.408
69.2
CI 68.4 / 70.0
SE 0.422
72.9
CI 72.1 / 73.7
SE 0.404
73.1
CI 72.3 / 73.9
SE 0.411
72.3
CI 71.5 / 73.2
SE 0.428
73.1
CI 72.3 / 74.0
SE 0.446

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Veteran status (20 years and over), 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Veteran status (20 years and over)
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Disability status, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
People with disabilities
31.4
CI 30.0 / 32.8
SE 0.698
31.9
CI 30.5 / 33.3
SE 0.700
29.5
CI 27.6 / 31.4
SE 0.958
34.4
CI 33.0 / 35.8
SE 0.698
36.1
CI 34.5 / 37.7
SE 0.807
37.0
CI 35.6 / 38.3
SE 0.667
37.9
CI 36.4 / 39.5
SE 0.771
People without disabilities
76.7
CI 76.4 / 77.1
SE 0.173
75.1
CI 74.7 / 75.4
SE 0.181
73.6
CI 73.2 / 74.1
SE 0.243
76.7
CI 76.3 / 77.0
SE 0.180
77.0
CI 76.7 / 77.4
SE 0.184
77.5
CI 77.1 / 77.8
SE 0.188
77.3
CI 76.9 / 77.6
SE 0.185

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Sexual orientation, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Sexual orientation
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC

Employment-population ratio for working-age population by Gender identity, 2018-2024 ◊
(percent)
Increase desired

Population 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Gender identity
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC
DNC

Disparity