During introductions, make it clear to participants that they can reread the task at any time (or ask for clarification) if they’re confused or if they’ve forgotten what to do.
During sessions, have the moderator read task directions out loud and provide them in writing, so participants can refer back to the directions if they need to. If you’re doing virtual sessions, you can email materials ahead of time. Also have the moderator repeat the task directions during the session.41
Keep in mind that participants with limited literacy skills may focus on the specific task — sometimes to a fault. During sessions, remind participants that you’re less interested in the answer and more interested in where and how they would try to find the answer.
